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Net masks - the binary explanation
To really understand the operation of a net mask it is necessary to delve deeper
into the life blood of computers – binary; this is native digital, where everything
is either a 1 (one) or 0 (zero), on or off, yes or no.
The net mask operation described on the previous page is known as a ‘bit-wise
AND function’. The example of 255.255.255.0 is handy because the last octet
is completely zero and is “clean” for illustrative purposes. However, actual net
mask calculations are carried out, not on whole decimal numbers, but bit by bit
on binary numbers, hence the term ‘bit-wise’. In a real local network, a net mask
might be 255.255.255.240. Such an example would no longer be quite so clear,
until you look at the net mask in its binary form:
11111111.11111111.11111111.11110000
In this case, the four zeroes at the end of the net mask indicate that the local
part of the address is formed by only the last four bits. If you use the diagram
from the previous example and insert the new net mask, it will have the
following effect on the nal result:
192
192
168
168
142
142
154
154
144
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
144
Thus, when 154 is bit-wise ANDed with 240, the result is 144. Likewise, any
local address from 192.168.142.144 through to 192.168.142.159 would
produce exactly the same result when combined with this net mask, hence they
would all be local addresses. However, any difference in the upper three octets
or the upper four bits of the last octet would slip through the mask and the
address would be agged as not being local.
Inside a bit-wise AND function
When you “open up” the last octet
of the net mask and look at the
binary inside, you can see the last
four zero bits preventing any 1’s in
the address from falling through.
Decimal octet prior to AND
operation with net mask
Binary equivalent of 154
Binary octet after AND
operation with net mask
Decimal equivalent of 10010000
- AdderLink IP 1
- Contents 2
- Further information 3
- Introduction 4
- What’s in the box 6
- Installation 7
- Host computer or KVM switch 8
- IP network port 9
- Modem/ISDN port 10
- Power supply connection 10
- Power control port 11
- > > > 12
- 13
- 13
- 13
- Encryption settings 14
- Resetting the conguration 16
- Part 2 – Remote conguration 17
- Networking issues 18
- Power control sequences 21
- Performing a ash upgrade 22
- Operation 23
- Remote connections 24
- Local connection (continued) 24
- Using the viewer window 26
- Host selection 27
- Congure 27
- Mouse pointers 27
- Access mode - shared/private 28
- Power control 28
- Auto calibrate 28
- Re-synchronise mouse 28
- Controls 29
- Viewer encryption settings 32
- Supported web browsers 32
- Unit conguration 35
- Network conguration 36
- Modem conguration 37
- Reset conguration 38
- Clear IP access control 39
- Colour/Encoding 40
- Identities 42
- Defaults 42
- Encoding and colour level 44
- Security 44
- User accounts 46
- Advanced unit conguration 48
- Setting IP access control 50
- Serial port conguration 51
- Host conguration 52
- Logging and status 53
- IP addresses 54
- Net masks 54
- Web server 57
- Safety information 60
- Warranty 60
- End user licence agreement 61
- Radio Frequency Energy 62
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Manuali dei proprietari e guide per l'utente per Per l'auto Pertronix JBA Exhaust 6400S.
We fornisce 1 manuali pdf Pertronix JBA Exhaust 6400S per scaricare gratuitamente in base al tipo di documento: Manuale Utente
Pertronix JBA Exhaust 6400S Manuale Utente (5 pagine)
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